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Orangutans are great apes , a compartmentalisation that includes gorilla , chimpanzees , bonobos and humans . They are the only great apes regain in Asia . Orangutans are also the world ’s largest arboreal mammals , which means they are the largest mammal that have the potentiality to live in trees .
Orangutans are endangered . They have become extinct in some parts of Asia , harmonize to theSan Diego Zoo . Most of their woodland habitat in Borneo and Sumatra has been lost to make room for palm oil grove .
Apes, such as the orangutan, have long arms ideally suited for swinging in trees and vines, whereas monkeys often have tails for grasping branches.
Size
orangutang are covered in long , hang red or orangish pelt , except for their distinguishable marginal faces . Their arms are longsighted than their bow legs , and their hands much like human hands . Because orangutans spend most of their time in trees , their long arms , finger and toes are quite useful as they swing from branch to branch . An orangutan ’s arm - span is foresightful that its height . A male person ’s weapon system - span can attain 7 infantry ( 2 meters ) from fingertip to fingertip , according toNational Geographic .
There are two metal money of orangutan . Bornean orangutans are more heavy - set than Sumatran orangutans , according to the San Diego Zoo . They also have larger cheek pads , called flange , which form inflexible half - circles on the sides of their faces . In both specie , there are flanged males , which are double the size of females , and unflanged males , which are around the same size as distaff orangutan . An unflanged male person can become a flanged male person , but scientists are uncertain as to why or how . Both unflanged and flanged males can produce young .
On average , orangutan females are around 45 column inch ( 114 centimeters ) marvelous , while male are around 54 inch ( 136 cm ) improbable . Females matter an average of 81.5 lbs . ( 37 kilograms ) and males average around 191 lbs . ( 87 kg ) .
Male orangutans emit long calls in the direction they plan to roam the next day, allowing other members of the community to plan accordingly.
Habitat
The name orangutan think " man of the forest " in the Malay language . Pongo pygmaeus live in the rainwater forests of the islands of Sumatra and Borneo . They drop 90 pct of their time in the dense trees there , concord to National Geographic . They even sleep in the tree diagram , in nests of leafy branches , and they use large leaves as umbrellas .
Habits
Unlike other apes who have very solid social bonds , orangutans are consider semi - societal . While they do hang out with other orangutan , they wish to hold up alone for the most part .
Orangutans are very smart and have a unequalled glide slope to problem solving , according to the San Diego Zoo . For example , " if a chimpanzee is given an queerly shape leg and several different holes to sample to put it in , the chimp straightaway tries shoving the peg in various kettle of fish until it finds the right hole . But an orangutan go up the challenge quite other than . It may stare off into outer space or even scrape itself with the pin . Then , after a while , it offhandedly hold fast the pin into the right hole while look at something else that has catch its interest ! "
Flanged males are very strong-growing toward other males . They also have a pharynx sac that is used to make “ long calls . ” These calls can be get wind 1.2 mi ( 2 kilometer ) away , according to National Geographic . These foresightful calls are useful for reaching females since orangutans are territorial . Females have territories that are around 3.5 square miles ( 9 square km ) and male have territories that are around 15 square miles ( 39 square kilometre ) , according to theSan Diego Zoo .
Bornean orangutan.
Diet
Orangutans are omnivore , which means they eat flora and meat . marrow usually does n’t come up on the fare , though . These apes are have sex to eat more than 500 dissimilar works specie , with fruits make up more than 60 percent of their modal total solid food inspiration , according to theInternational Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN ) . They also eat flush , barque , insects and leaves .
Offspring
distaff orangutans have some very unusual reproduction habits . They only give birth once every eight years , which is the longest time flow in - between birth of any animal , according to National Geographic . They are also fertile for more than 30 old age .
Once pregnant , the female has a gestation menstruum of eight to 10 months . She typically only gives birth to one infant at a time . The offspring , called baby or infants , just like humans , typically consider 3.3 to 4.5 lbs . ( 1.5 to 2 kilo ) .
The baby will cling to its mother ’s belly pelt as she climb through the trees until it is a little sometime , then will depend upon on her back . Mothers and their tyke have a very close bond . They cohere together for the sister ’s first six or seven old age of life . [ Photos : endearing Orangutan Shows Off Knot - Tying acquisition ]
An orangutan swings toward a tree in Sumatra, Indonesia.
male typically depart and last alone for the eternal sleep of their spirit while females have their own offspring to live with and deal for . At 12 , most females are mature enough to have their own tike . Males do n’t maturate until age 15 . orangutan can live 30 to 40 years in the wild and up to 70 yr in captivity .
Classification/taxonomy
This is the taxonomy of orangutans , according to Integrated Taxonomic Information System(ITIS ) .
realm : AnimaliaSubkingdom : BilateriaInfrakingdom : DeuterostomiaPhylum : ChordataSubphylum : VertebrataInfraphylum : GnathostomataSuperclass : TetrapodaClass : MammaliaSubclass : TheriaInfraclass : EutheriaOrder : PrimatesSuborder : HaplorrhiniInfraorder : SimiiformesSuperfamily : HominoideaFamily : HominidaeSubfamily : PonginaeGenus : PongoSpecies : Pongo abelii(Sumatran orangutan),Pongo pygmaeus(Bornean orangutan )
Conservation status
According to the IUCN , Bornean orangutans are endangered , and Sumatran orangutans are critically peril . TheSumatran orangutanhas had an estimated decline in universe of over 80 percentage over the last 75 years , while theBornean orangutanhas had a universe decline of well over 50 percent during the last 60 year . Their decline is due to loss of home ground from fires anddeforestation . They are also hunted by poachers .
The World Wildlife Federation guess there are 45,000 to 69,000 Bornean orang left in the wilderness , and only about 7,500 Sumatran orangutans . Orangutans are protected by law in Malaysia and Indonesia . They are also protected by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species ( CITES ) and the U.S. Endangered Species Act .
Other facts
Orangutans are the magnanimous fruit - run through animals on Earth . They have more than 300 types of fruit useable to them .
These apes will use sprig to scoop termites out of hole in trees for a snack .
Orangutans have been known to find out human utilize boats to cross river and then copy their movements to untie the boat and ride it across on their own , fit in to the San Diego Zoo .
Additional resources
