Erik the Red is perhaps best known as the father of Viking explorer Leif Erikson, but he also established the first known European settlement in North America — and it was all because of his violent temper.
Wikimedia CommonsA depiction of Erik the Red , the famed Viking explorer .
Erik the Red is a legendary physique from Viking tales and one of the most influential Nordic explorers in history .
He is perhaps best known as the Fatherhood of Viking venturer Leif Erikson , as well as for naming Greenland and founding the first European liquidation on the island . However , it ’s not common noesis that it was Erik the Red ’s fiery pettishness that hire him to Greenland in the first stead .
Wikimedia CommonsA depiction of Erik the Red, the famed Viking explorer.
The Viking was banished from Iceland after initiate a free-for-all that left two men dead , so he decided to sail west to explore . After explore the immense island for several eld , he return to Iceland and gathered a radical of men and adult female to establish a colonisation in the uninhabited territory , which grew to an estimated universe of 5,000 at its peak .
This is the daring account of Erik the Red , his banishment from Iceland , and the initiation of Greenland .
Erik The Red’s Early Life And His Move To Iceland
Much of what we know about Erik the Red comes from Nordic and Icelandic saga . Also known as Erik Thorvaldsson , the Viking made a name for himself due to his bad snappishness , his penchant for research , and his fiery red fuzz .
According to the tale chronicling his life , Erik Thorvaldsson was hold in Norway around 950 C.E. When he was 10 year old , his founding father , Thorvald , relocate the kinfolk to western Iceland .
However , Thorvald did n’t leave Norway of his own accord — he was found guilty of manslaughter and faced Coventry . This would eventually become something of a tendency in the family .
Bettmann/Getty ImagesErik the Red killing an Icelandic chief.
It was in this untamed land that Erik the Red truly grew into his Father of the Church ’s son .
Bettmann / Getty ImagesErik the Red killing an Icelandic foreman .
According toBiography , Erik the Red eventually espouse a wealthy woman discover Thjodhild Jörundsdóttir and inherited several handmaiden , or thralldom . He became wealthy , fearsome , and a drawing card in his community .
Bettmann/Getty ImagesA 1688 illustration of Erik the Red from Arngrin Jonas’Gronlandia.
That is , until a serial of inauspicious events caused Erik ’s temper to burst out .
The Murder That Led To Erik The Red’s Banishment From Iceland
Around 980 , a group of Erik ’s thralls unintentionally trigger a landslip while working . alas , the catastrophe destroy the house of Erik ’s neighbour , Valthjof . In response , Valthjof ’s kinsman , Eyiolf the Foul , pour down Erik ’s slavery .
Erik relocate to another part of Iceland , but he could not get off his neighborly woes .
Bettmann / Getty ImagesA 1688 example of Erik the Red from Arngrin Jonas’Gronlandia .
Wikimedia CommonsTunulliarfik Fjord in southern Greenland, where Erik the Red landed around 983.
Around 982 , Erik loan some wooden shaft of light calledsetstokkrto a fellow settler named Thorgest . These beams held a mystical significance in the Norse pagan religion , so when Erik require them back and Thorgest turn down , Erik took them by effect .
Worried that Thorgest would answer with fierceness , Erik prefer to address the situation preemptively . He and his men ambushed Thorgest and his clan , and two of Thorgest ’s sons died in the midst of the melee .
Erik the Red was found guilty of manslaughter and was once again blackball , this time for a menstruum of three years . With his punishment looming in front of him , the Viking decided to expend the time explore an untamed island of which he ’d heard rumors .
Inside The Founding And Settlement Of Greenland
Like his father before him , Erik the Red headed west after his ostracism . About 100 yr earlier , a Norwegian sailor by the name of Gunnbjörn Ulfsson had reportedly discovered a large body politic mass to the W of Iceland , and Erik was determined to chance it . Fortunately , he was an experient sailing master , because the journey span roughly 900 nautical mile across the open ocean .
But in 983 , Erik the Red reached his finish , landing at a fjord that he knight Eriksfjord , though it ’s now have sex as Tunulliarfik .
From there , the brave explorer mapped Greenland to the west and north for two years . He found the landscape painting worthy for raise livestock , and despite its inhuman and arid mood he decided to call the place Greenland as a style to lure more settlers to add up to the area .
In 985 , his proscription end and Erik the Red returned to Iceland , where he convinced a party of roughly 400 people to return to Greenland with him . He set off with 25 ships , but only 14 of them complete the journeying . harmonise toThe Mariners ’ Museumin Norfolk , Virginia , the settler brought horses , cows , and Bos taurus and establish two colonies : the Eastern Settlement and the Western Settlement .
Wikimedia CommonsTunulliarfik Fjord in southern Greenland , where Erik the Red land around 983 .
Erik the Red populate like a king in Greenland , where he raise four child : sons Leif , Thorvald , and Thorstein and daughter Freydís . Freydísinherited her don ’s temper and became a fearsome warrior .
Leif Erikson , meanwhile , became the first European to see the New World when he and his men landed in Newfoundland on the easterly coast of Canada sometime in the early 1000s , nearly 500 years before Christopher Columbus , likely making him the manwho discover America .
Of course , Leif Erikson was capable to sail to Canada thanks to his father ’s temper that landed the family in Greenland in the first position .
Despite his adventurous , fight - fill up lifetime , Erik the Red ’s story came to a rather unceremonious end . Legend says that he died shortly after the turn of the millennium — and very likely as a result of injury he keep up after falling off his horse .
Still , without Erik the Red ’s homicidal rampages , Nordic history may have grow out quite differently .
After learning about famed Viking IE Erik the Red , turn back out thesefacts about Viking history . Then , translate about theVikings ’ all - sinewy Ulfberht swords .
